Population turnover measures all demographic changes, by adding up 'gains' (births and immigration) and 'losses' (deaths and emigration) in a population.
It is therefore different from the 'net population change', which means the simple difference between population sizes at two different points in time.
The added value of a measure of population turnover is straightforward: a population count may well appear relatively stable, yet its composition is subject to change. The turnover therefore captures demographic dynamics and helps us to understand what is changing in a population's structure even though the total number of people remains roughly the same.
The source dataset can be found here.
Population dynamics highest in Luxembourg and Malta, lowest in Slovakia and Poland
To allow for cross-country comparison, the relative size of the population of each Member State is used.
In 2016, Luxembourg (with a total turnover of 84.6 per 1000 resident population) and Malta (81.1‰) recorded the highest rates of population turnover. They were followed at a distance by Cyprus (55.4‰), Austria (53.1‰), Germany (52.9‰), Ireland (50.5‰) and Lithuania (49.6‰).
At the opposite end of the scale, Slovakia (22.4‰) and Poland (22.9‰) registered the lowest rates of population turnover, ahead of Italy (24.2‰), Portugal (25.8%) and the Czech Republic (26.1‰).
Looking at the components of population turnover, in 2016, Latvia, Lithuania and Bulgaria had the highest rates of natural turnover (sum of births and deaths), while Luxembourg and Malta had the highest rates of migration turnover (sum of immigration and emigration).