Statistics Norway

Division for price statistics

Postbox 2633 St. Hanshaugen NO-0131 Oslo

Service Producer Price Indices (SPPI)

The indicies are used as a deflator in National Accounts. Other users are the public sector as well as price-adjustment in contracts.

NACE Rev. 2

The following activities are covered:

• Section H: freight transport by road (49.41), passenger air transport (51.1), storage (52.1), cargo handling (52.24), postal and courier activities (53)
• Section J: telecommunication services (61), IT services (62)
• Section M: legal activities (69.1), accounting and auditing activities (69.201 and 69.202), business and management consultancy activities (70.220), architectural services (71.11), civil engineering activities (71.121), technical testing and analysis (71.2), advertising activities (73.11)
• Section N: rental and leasing activities (77.110), employment activities (78.20), cleaning activities (81.21)

Prices of services prodused by Norwegian enterprises, excluding VAT.

Prices are mainly measured at B2B as B2C is already covered by CPI. Exceptions are the indices for passenger air transport and telecommunication services where B2C is included.  

Observation unit: Price transaction

Reporting unit: Enterprise

Norwegian enterprises which provide services within following industries:

• Section H: freight transport by road (49.41), passenger air transport (51.1), storage (52.1), cargo handling (52.24), postal and courier activities (53)
• Section J: telecommunication services (61), IT services (62)
• Section M: legal activities (69.1), accounting and auditing activities (69.201 and 69.202), business and management consultancy activities (70.220), architectural services (71.11), civil engineering activities (71.121), technical testing and analysis (71.2), advertising activities (73.11)
• Section N: rental and leasing activities (77.110), employment activities (78.20), cleaning activities (81.21)

The frame is data from Structural Business Statistics (SBS) from Statistics Norway. 

Enterprises located in Norway

The first SPPI for architectural services was developed in late 90's. Most of the indices were developed in 2005-2008. We are still developing new indices. 

The base year for national publishing is 2021 (2021=100).

The base year in the data transmitted to Eurostat is 2021 = 100.

From March 2024 onwards, Eurostat publishes indices with base year 2021. The whole time series is recalculated / rescaled accordingly. Therefore, the data with reference year 2023 is published in Eurostat’s database with base year 2021.

Prices in Norwegian Kroner

Quarter

National legal acts:

The legal basis is The Statistical Act of 21st of June 2019 No. 32 section 10 and 20

The reporting units are obliged to provide information. Fines for refusing to provide information are laid down by the Statistics of 21st of June 2019 No. 32

European legislation: 

Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (EBS-Regulation)

Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistic (General Implementing Act)

STS data from the Norwegian SPPI are transmitted to Eurostat on a regular quarterly basis.

Confidential micro data: According to § 7 of the Statistics Act, collected data are subject to secrecy and are to be kept or erased in a secure manner. Any use of the data must be in accordance with the rules set out by the Data Inspectorate.

Time series that are not to be published: The publication of data is subject to the provisions of § 7 of the Statistics Act. The main rule is that data should not be published if they can be traced back to the respondent.

Data is only published at an activity level at which it is not confidential. Detailed confidential data is aggregated with other confidential or non-confidential cells to produce a non-confidential (non-standard NACE) aggregate.

The publication schedule is pre-released in Statistics Norway's Advance Release Calendar (https://www.ssb.no/en/kalender).

The release calendar is avalible on Statistics Norway's webpage (https://www.ssb.no/en/).

No governmental or non-governmental bodies have prior access to the statistics before its release.

Quarterly

Quarterly at https://www.ssb.no/en/tpinaering

The indicators are released on Statistics Norway's website: https://www.ssb.no/en and in Statistics Norway's online database StatBank https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/list/tpinaering. 

All released data are avalible in Statistics Norway's online database: https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/list/tpinaering.

No microdata are avaliable for the public.

Transmission to Eurostat.

Data are also available through Statistics Norway's API (https://www.ssb.no/en/omssb/tjenester-og-verktoy/api).

Information about methodology and how the statistics are produced is provided in the "About the statistics" section at the website (https://www.ssb.no/en/tpinaering). See espcially under "Production" which lies under "About the statistics".

Documentation on quality management are avalible on: https://www.ssb.no/en/tpinaering  (About the Statistics).

ESS Code of Practice. 

Relevance: The statistics is relevant in the way that it is defined as one of the STS indicators.

Accuracy and reliability: Total non-response by the time of release is about 1 per cent. 

Timeliness and punctuality: The statistics is released about 56 days after the end of reference quarter. Statistics Norway’s release system on Internet assures data to be published exactly 8:00 AM, and the date is given in the release calendar not less than 3 months prior to the release.

Comparability: Geographically comparability with other countries is assured by using international standards given in the Eurostat framework (same reference year, same classification; NACE Rev.2). 

The statistics are used, among others, by the public sector, the financial industry and other industries. The statistics is in itself, and are part of several key economic indicators that are important for monitoring the economy. 

The main user is National accounts for deflation.

Eurostat use the indices for national data.

Companies use the indices for long term contract regulation.

No quantitative measures.

Ongoing discussions with internal users. Sporadic contact via mail or phone with external users. 

The statistics are complient with the STS-regulation, except for the following NACE activities that are missing under old requirements: H501_H502, J63, N80. 

No quantitative measure.

Not available

Not available

Publication is at 08:00 a.m. according to a pre-determined calendar, and occurs normally around 56 days after the end of the reference quarter.

• Questionnaires are sent at the end of the reference quarter
• Deadline for reply is the 26th of the month following the reference quarter.
• An electronic letter - reminder - is sent after the 26th of the month following the reference quarter.
• Publication is around the 26th of the month.

All releases are delivered on time, based on scheduled release dates.

The statistics are produced at a national level only.

The first index was published in the end of the 90's. Most of the Norwegian SPPIs were developed 2005-2008 and we are still developing new indicies.

The population is the same as in Structural Business Statistics and Foreign Trade In Services. Indices are used for deflation in QNA.

The price indices within the scope of the SPPI are not totally consistent.

Each SPPI index has different period for sample rotation, weight update and period for chain-linking. More harmonization of the SPPIs is needed to ensure the consistency.

During 2023 there were approx 2830 working hours dedicated to production and development of the statistics within the price division. 4030 hours where dedicated to developing new indices and production system. 250 hours from other departments, such as data collection, IT and administaration.

The burden on the respondents are measured from time to time through the regular monthly survey. There are about 1000 units in this survey. The median time usage were 15 minutes per survey in 2023 which gives 1 hour per year for the median respondent. The total burden is thus 1000 hours a year based on the median respondent.

The statistics are not subject to revision after it is published unless big errors were to be revealed. The same revision policyis applied to STS data released nationally and transmitted to Eurostat

If a big error is revealed it will be revised and the correct statistic will be re-published with a highly visible mark alerting the users of the revision. 

Type of source

Prices are mainly surveyed using electronic questionnaires.

Frame on which the source is based

The frame used for sampling and derivation of higher-level weights is mainly based on the results of the Structural Business Statistics Survey. Lower-lever weights are received from respondents.

Sample or census

Sample.

Criteria for stratification

PPS-sampling with cut-off is used. Turnover and number of employees are used in stratification.

Threshold values and percentages

Number of reporting units is about 1000

Frequency of updating the sample

Sample rotation every second year for most of the industries within the SPPI. Exceptions are some industries within the section H, where the last sample update was done in 2009.

Quarterly

Mostly electronic questionnaire

The responses from the electronical questionnaires are ongoingly downloaded to the production system. The data are checked for duplicates, comments, product replacements and extraordinary little movement over time. In addition the data are checked for extreme deviations in prices. If there are significant price changes and there is no clear explanation or reason, the establishments are contacted directly. Observations with great impact are checked and analyzed.

Estimates for non-response

There are no imputations technics used in compilation of the Norwegian SPPI. Only observations with available prices are used in index compilation i each quarter.

Estimates for grossing-up to population levels

Data are not grossed up.

Type of index

Jevons index at the elementary level. Laspeyres-type index formula and annual chain linking are mostly used at the aggregate level. In some cases, we also use quarterly chain linking.

For two industries telecommunication services and car rental we compile a Paashe-type index at the aggregate level.

Method of weighting and chaining

The weights are updated every second year. The data from the Structural Business Statistics survey is the main source of the weights.

We receive the lower-level weights from the enterprises. 

Short-term indices are chained annually or quarterly.

Different quarters are used as a price reference period for different industries.

The index reference period is 2021=100. 

No adjustments are made to the data.

https://www.ssb.no/en/tpinaering