NIS (National Institute for Statistics) is responsible for the data collection and dissemination.

Price Statistics Division

Institutul Naţional de Statistică (NIS) – 16, Libertăţii Avenue, district 5, Bucharest, RO-050706

Indicator:

• Producer price index, total;
• Producer price index, domestic market ;
• Producer price index, non-domestic market .

Sources:
The current concepts and framework are those set forth by the EU Regulations that established data requirements in relation to coverage, periodicity, and timeliness, as well as the 2006 Eurostat manual Methodology of Short-term Business Statistics (interpretations and guidelines). Romania follows the International Recommendations from the PPI Manual 2004 - Producer Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice 2004 (https://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/tegppi/index.htm).

NACE Rev. 2.

NACE Rev. 2 Sections B to E excluding Classes 07.21 and 24.46, Groups 25.4, 30.1, 30.3 and 30.4 and Divisions 37, 38 and 39.

Enterprises with 20 employees and more.

The term used by the STS-Regulations for producer prices is output prices.

The objective of the output price index is to measure the monthly development of transaction prices sold as they leave the domestic producers.

The domestic output price index for an economic activity measures the average price development of all goods and related services resulting from that activity and sold on the domestic market.

The non-domestic price index shows the average price development (expressed in the national currency) of all goods and related services resulting from that activity and sold outside of the domestic market.

When combined, these two indices show the average price development of all goods and related services resulting from an activity.
The price-determining characteristics of the products are taken into account, including quantity of units sold, transport provided, rebates, service conditions and destination.
The indices of domestic and non-domestic prices require separate output price indices to be compiled according to the destination of the product. The destination is determined by the residency of the third party that has ordered or purchased the product.

Data are collected monthly; the reference period is the 15th of the previous calendar month.

Legal unit

The main data sources for building up the sample of economic operators is represented by the Bussiness Register (REGIS) and annualy PRODROM survey (for the reference year 2015).  Based on the data from PRODROM statistical survey, the economic operators are ordered in a descending manner by value of sales in each NACE Rev.2 activity class. The economic operators whose value of sales represents at least 70% of the total NACE Rev.2 class are kept in the sample.

The coverage obtained is between 70% and 100%.

There are around 1525 legal units which are surveyed each month.

The PPI's cover the entire economic territory of the country.

2000

Year 2015 = 100.

Indices, percentage changes (%)

Month

REGULATION (EU) 2019/2152 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 November 2019 on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics and COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/short-term-business-statistics/legislation

All statistics collected and published by NIS are governed by the statistical Law no. 226/2009 regarding the organisation of official statistics, published in Romania's Official Journal First part, no. 397/11.06.2009, with further amendments.

The National Law stipulates that all individuals and legal units are required to submit data to the NIS on request.

Data are sent to Eurostat, IMF, UN and other international organisations.

All statistics collected and published by NIS are governed by the statistical Law no. 226/2009 regarding the organisation of official statistics, published in Romania's Official Journal First part, no. 397/11.06.2009, with further amendaments.

The Law specifies that: the official statistical services are authorized to ask for and receive free of charge statistical data and information from all natural and legal persons who are located, hold any kind of capital or carry out any type of activity on the Romanian territory.
Also under the provision of this law, NIS cannot publish, or otherwise make available to one individual or organization, statistics that could enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity.
NIS has been repeatedly and publicly recognised by the government as fully intellectually independent: it decides by itself which data to collect, which methodology to use, and which results, methodological notes and commentaries are published.
The most important aspects on the organisation of the official statistics in Romanian are posted on the National Institute of Statistics Internet website (http://www.insse.ro/cms/en). Copies of the statistical laws are available in Romanian from the library of the National Institute of Statistics.

Aggregations consisting of data of less than 3 establishments are regarded as confidential and therefore not published.

The release calendar is publically available and published at the end of the year for the following calendar year.

The Catalogue of statistical publications and services 2021 covers the statistical indicators published by the NIS’s publications (http://www.insse.ro/cms/en).

Press release calendar cover the statistical indicator released in NIS’s news releases. PPI news release is usually available within 32 days from the end of the previous month (http://www.insse.ro/cms/en).

Monthly data are available to all users simultaneously at the time of release through the press release and via NIS Internet website (http://www.insse.ro/cms/en).

No organisation or person outside the NIS has prior access to the data before release to the public.

Data are transmitted to Eurostat as an index by e-DAMIS using SDMX format within 30 days (calendar days) from the end of the reference month. Data are transmited to the IMF and are also used in national accounts.

Monthly.

The results of the monthly survey are disseminated at M+32 days by news release on NIS website (http://www.insse.ro/cms/en).

No ministerial commentary is attached to the NIS data release.

Buletinul Statistic de Preturi (Prices Statistical Bulletin), Buletinul Statistic Lunar (Monthly Statistical Bulletin), Buletinul Statistic de Industrie (Statistical Bulletin - Industry), Romania in cifre (Romania in figures), Anuarul Statistic al Romaniei (Romanian Statistical Yearbook). A monthly press release is also produced.

Data for PPI are published on the internet site of NIS (http://www.insse.ro/cms/en) in the TEMPO data base. All statistical publications are available also in electronic format.

Online TEMPO data base both in Romanian and English (https://statistici.insse.ro/shop/?lang=en).

No microdata are disseminated.

Data on PPI are sent monthly to Eurostat, as indices by e-DAMIS using SDMX format within 30 days (calendar days) from the end of the month, both to be used in European aggregates as well as to be released as national data.

Brief details on the PPI methodology are presented in the statistical publications. A detailed description of the indicator are available in the Metadata Database (http://80.96.186.4:81/metadata/public.htm?locale=en).

Monthly PPI’s data are published by NACE Rev.2 sections, divisions, classes and MIG’s are published in the monthly publications presented above (concept 10.2)

The time series are published by total and destination in the form of indices (year 2015=100) and monthly or annual rate of change.

Not available.

The system of official statistics follows international and European quality standards. NIS Romania has adopted the UN Fundamental Principles for Official Statistics as well as the European Statistics Code of Practice and subscribed to the IMF Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS).

PEEI in Focus - Producer Price Index.

The statistical process is monitored regarding relevance, accuracy, timeliness, punctuality, coherence and comparability. Self assessment of the survey manager are carried out from time to time.

 Besides as a general measure of producer’s price inflation, PPI's have a variety of potential other uses, for example:

• input for national accounts purposes;
• input to economic forecasting and analysis;
• measuring specific price trends;
• input for inflation targeting;
• contract indexation;
• cross-country economic comparisons.

Data are relevant because are required by European legislation.

Users are Eurostat, government department, National Central Bank, IMF,  media, researchers & students, enterprises/businesses, internal users.

We conduct a user satisfaction survey every three years. The latest one was in 2021.The publication can be found at the following link: https://insse.ro/cms/ro/content/analiza-gradului-de-satisfac%C5%A3ie-al-utilizatorilor-de-date-statistice-1

This publication presents the way in which the statistical data produced and the methodological information of the INS meet the information needs of the various user categories. It includes a presentation of the main results of the statistical survey on the "Satisfaction of statistical data users”, respectively the profile of INS statistical data users, the confidence in the INS and the statistical data produced by INS, the assessment of the quality of the data produced by INS.

All breakdowns and variable forms are provided, according to the EU Regulations.

The producer price index satisfies the principle of accuracy, as it reflects a true picture of the development of producer prices within a certain economic activity.

There are negligible non sampling errors concerning coverage, measurement and non response.

No CVs are calculated for PPI.

A cut-off sample is used therefor there are no sampling error.

The response rate for PPI is about 90%.

The procedures to follow up with the non-responders refers to reminder telephone call and follow-up letters to remind the objective, timeliness, confidentiality of data and legal penalties  in case of non-responses.

Usually the typing errors could appear in the processing  stage and the data  are revised the next month. The difference between initial figures and revised figures represents about +/- 0.5 % of the initial figures for total PPI.

No models are used in estimation on errors.

The indices are transmitted to Eurostat ( M+30 calendar days) and published each month, according to the pre-announced schedule at  32 days after the  reference month.

The enterprises must transmit their data to the territorial statistical office by 5^th day after the end of the reference period.

The territorial statistical office must editing the data and sending to the central office till the 9^th day after the end of the reference period.

 The PPI’s are always published on pre-announced date:

• National news releases - M + 32 calendar days;
• Prices Statistical Bulletin - M + 45 calendar days;
• Monthly Statistical Bulletin – M + 54 calendar days;
• Statistical Bulletin - Industry – M + 49 calendar days;
• European level (Eurostat) - M + 32 calendar days;
• TEMPO data base - M + 40 calendar days.

The PPI’s are compiled only for the national level, so there are no problems of geographical comparability.

Comparability of the Romanian PPI with other European members is ensuring by applying the standard and methods required by the STS methodological guidelines.

The implementation of the EU Regulation Requirements and changes of base periods may introduce some breaks in the time series.

No major methodological changes over the last 15 years.

The results of the survey are cross-checked on a monthly base with corresponding products which may be available in the CPI sample.

PPI's are internal coherent. Higher level aggregations are derived from detailed indices according to well-defined procedures.

Number of units = 1843

Cost (NIS) hours per year = 26916

Burden (respondents) hours per year = 44232

Cost and burden cover the STS requirements as well as the national and other Eurostat needs.

Data revisions follow the Revision Policy of the NIS Romania, which represent one of the key documents of the office.  The same revision policy is applied to STS data released nationally and transmitted to Eurostat. Calendar of standard revisions is being prepared together with the release calendar (http://www.insse.ro/cms/en/content/revision-policy).

1. Routine revisions: The revised indices are published together with the preliminary indices for the following month. Notice is given at the time the change is introduced.
2. Major revisions: In the case of regular index rebases (as a rule every five years), the results and changes in the calculation methodology or  major changes as classification  notice are presented in detail in the Price Statistical Bulletin, the Monthly Statistical Bulletin and on the NIS website well in advance of the change.

Vintage database currently exists in the central processing database but is not publicly accessible.

The first release of RO PPI is published as 'provisional' and is subject to revision in the next month due to more update information. A base-year revision leads to the backward revision of results.

Major changes in methodology are announced in all statistical publications at the time of the change. The status of data is clearly indicated in the publications. 

The quality indicators used in data revision are: MR (Mean Revision) and MAR (Mean Absolute Revision). MR and MAR values were obtained with the information of its last 36 final months being December 2022 the last one.

The mean absolut revision values (MAR) of the differences between the general index first released and the last version, gross series, in the period January,2020 to December, 2022 (36 months) was:

• for total MAR=0.038696
• for domestic market MAR=0.055217
• for non domestic market MAR=0.023478

The mean revision values (MR) for this period was:

• for total MR=0.00
• for domestic market MR=0.00
• for non domestic market MR=0.00

Statistical survey.

REGIS – Romanian statistical business register, which contains all enterprises, authorities and organisations as well as their local units in Romania that carry out any economic activity irrespective of their size or if they belong to the private or public sector.

Annualy PRODROM statistical survey

Cut-off sample.

The thresholds used are 20 employees and more for selected enterprises.

Approximately 1525 enterprises are surveyed each month.

The sample is updated annually.

Monthly.

The PPI data are collected using a paper questionnaire. The form is clearly addressed to the company in question and include sufficient descriptions and explanations for the respondent to follow.

The PPI data are collected using a range of data collection: self-completion of the paper questionnaire received and return the data by post or by e-mail, automated telephone data submission, personnel interview (usually for the new unit included in the sample), telephone interview.

The recommendation for the price collectors is to have a personnel interview with reporting enterprise at list for the first month of each year.

No changes in data collection are planned in the coming year.

The PPI system has a built-in module in order to diagnose data errors and checks for possible missing and critical variables.

The PPI software implemented procedures to identify the possible errors and outliers. Non-statistical procedure find whether specific price observation falls outside some pre-specified acceptance interval. For any price change is lower than 10%, the decreased percentage is shown which indicates the possibility of errors or outliers. 

The PPI system generated a report to show the availability of all the establishment data for the compiling period. The information provided in the report is a useful tool for the statistical staff at central office that can follow up any missing establishment price data and prepare for final compilation of the index.

PPI is a fixed base Laspeyres index (2015=100)

The weighting values by destinations for all aggregation levels have been determined from the Annual Business Statistical Survey and are based on turnover.

The main data sources for building up the sample of economic operators is represented by the Bussiness Register (REGIS) and annualy PRODROM survey (for the reference year 2015).  Based on the data from PRODROM statistical survey, the economic operators are ordered in a descending manner by value of sales in each NACE Rev.2 activity class. The economic operators whose value of sales represents at least 70% of the total NACE Rev.2 class are kept in the sample.
Computation of lowest level indices: The elementary index corresponds to the variety for each unit and is calculated as the ratio between price of each variety for each unit in the reference month and the average price of the base year of the same variety multiplied by 100.
Aggregation: The product/economic operator index is obtained as a simple unweighted average of the elementary indices. The PPI for the upper levels (PRODROM products, classes, groups, divisions, sections, main industrial group (MIGS) and total industry) is a Laspeyres type index, using a system of constant weights for successive data aggregation of corresponding turnover, from SBS 2015.

Missing prices are imputed, usually by carrying the prices of the previous month forward. In the case when a variety is permanently unavailable the reporting economic operators propose a new one, which must have the same characteristics as the old variety and be among the most representative for the economic operator.

The sample results are not grossed-up.

No working day adjustment or seasonal adjustment is applied.

Not available.