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Description
The appreciably larger male (L 30 cm), in breeding display raises huge ruff, ear-tufts and other variegated feathers and facial warts. Ruffs breed on wetlands: marshes, reservoirs, wet semi-natural meadows. In winter occurs at inland marshes, estuaries. Feeds on small invertebrates. Migrant.

Reasons for the need for protection/inclusion in annex I
The main threats for the species are the loss of habitat due to changes in agricultural and livestock practices and shooting.

yellow = summer visitor
green = resident
blue = winter visitor

Population :
about 100,000 pairs

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