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Published Studies

Investment and employment related to EU policy on air, water and waste

Europe suffers from a dual problem of the simultaneous over use of natural resources and under use of human resources. European environmental policies have a key role to play in addressing this imbalance by ensuring effective implementation of the environmental acquis to protect and enhance the natural environment and capitalising on the resulting employment opportunities.

To facilitate this role requires a better understanding of the costs of policies, the employment opportunities and the expenditure-employment linkages. This study contributes to this understanding by providing best order of magnitude estimates of the costs and the employment associated with ten major directives in the areas of air (Sulphur in Liquid Fuel, National Emission Ceiling, Large Combustion Plants & Volatile Organic Compounds Directives), water (Urban Waste Water Treatment, Drinking Water & Nitrates Directives) and waste (Hazardous Waste Incineration, Packaging and Packaging Waste & End of Live Vehicules Directives).

Executive summary (pdf ~50K)
Full text of report (pdf ~250K)
Annex 1 - Best estimates of costs (pdf ~740K)
Annex 2 - Best estimates of employment(pdf ~180K)
Appendices (pdf ~240K