Non-energy extractive industry
Extractive industries (including mining, oil and gas) have long been an area of concern for some conservationists. This is because these industries have visible footprints on landscapes and seascapes which can have significant impacts on the integrity of ecosystems or the status of wild species of fauna and flora. They also tend operate for longer periods of timing leading to uncertainty about both their impacts over time and the need for ecological restoration work once the extractive operation is over.