Climate and air impacts

RAINS

The Regional Air pollution INformation and Simulation (RAINS) model focuses on both the socio-economic and the biophysical dimension to estimate in an integrated way the impacts caused by transboundary air pollution on human health and ecosystems and t compare them against environmental targets and available policy options. The model assesses SO2, NOx, NH3, VOC and particulate (PM) emissions for Europe as a whole and for individual countries.

The RAINS integrated assessment model applies reduced-form representation of atmospheric dispersion of various pollutants in the form of source-receptor relationships. These relationships are determined through statistical analyses using results of complex atmospheric dispersion models, such as the EMEP model. The RAINS model includes options and cost for the abatement of the five pollutants. In addition, it allows for the cost-effective allocation of emission reductions over countries and sectors to meet environmental (acidification, eutrophication, ozone) and human health objectives.

For more information visit the RAINS website.